赤峰市退耕还林还草政策实施调查及理性思考

    Since the project of Returning Farmland to Forest was carried out nationwide in China in 2002, its effectiveness has been witnessed by the whole world. It is just due to the project that the worsening ecological environment turns round to develop in the positive direction. Besides, it has been promoting the adjustment of agricultural structure, thanks to which, peasants and herdsmen are becoming better in both income and lifestyle. Altogether, the project has been bringing significant economic and social benefits, especially to western region, where the ecological system is more fragile. A series of crucial issues such as adjusting the economic structure in rural and pastoral areas、transferring surplus labor force、increasing the peasants’ income and guaranteeing their long-term interests are closely related to the implementation of the policy.In this dissertation, the background and implementation of China’s Returning Farmland to Forest is introduced firstly, and then the natural and socio-economic conditions of Chifeng as well as its implementation of the policy follows. Taking Balinyouqi district、wengniuteqi district and Song Shan district as the examples, the author, by visiting for inquiry and using questionnaires, investigates the situation of returning farmland to forest in the area, and surveys the peasants’ and herdsmen’s cognition and participation in the policy as well as their feedback and expectations towards it. The government the issues on ecological environment in its policy and their relationship with the peasants and herdsmen are the focuses of the paper. Exactly speaking, the characteristics of carrying out the project of Returning Farmland to Forest in Chifeng, the poverty-stricken minority area, is demonstrated. And the problems are pointed out. On this basis, some solutions and suggestions are put forward.