辅助生殖技术之伦理反思

    Because of the influence of environmental pollution, working pressure, bad living habits and other factors, the number that couples get into trouble of infertility is increasing with years. In view of existing situation, numerous scientists and medical staffs have made great efforts in this field, which have promoted Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) a great progress that there has never been. Though Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) can benefit couples who cannot have a baby, a great many of consequent ethics issues have brought profound effect on traditional ethics. Therefore it is the hot issues that how to study ART adequately and exercise it properly. We need to rethink the ethical issues that are caused by ART.Firstly, the paper introduces its background, the significance, and the viewpoints at home and abroad on Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). Secondly, the paper summarizes the development of ART, especially the following three technologies’social utility:the artificial insemination, test-tube baby, and surrogate mother. Thirdly, the paper analyses the more controversial issues during the practice of ART, which expounds from the individual ethics, the family ethics and the social ethics. Fourthly, the paper explains the reasons which cause the ethical questions, which contains the difference of mode of thinking, the conflict of value, and the change of view of life. At last, the paper discusses the corresponding ethical measure. We must respect the reasonable parts of traditional ethical norms with ART, and coordinate the ethical norms and the development of ART. Because the ways of reproducing will be diversified with the development of ART, if we cannot control the technology exactly, it will bring disaster to human. In conclusion, when we use the ART, we need to improve related ethical norms, promote the medical staffs sense of responsibility, and make good use of the law to supervise our action.